研究者詳細 - 寺澤　悠理

論文 - 寺澤　悠理

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Modulation of heartbeat-evoked potential and cardiac cycle effect by auditory stimuli

Tanaka Y., Ito Y., Terasawa Y., Umeda S.

Biological Psychology （Biological Psychology） 182 108637 2023年09月

ISSN 03010511

Interoception has been proposed as a factor that influences various psychological processes (Khalsa et al., 2018). Afferent signals from the cardiovascular system vary across cardiac cycle phases. Heartbeat-evoked potentials (HEP) and event-related potentials (ERP) were measured to examine whether interoceptive signals differed between cardiac cycle phases. Simultaneously, participants performed an auditory oddball task in which the timing of the presenting stimulus was synchronized with the heartbeat. Pure tones were presented at 10 ms (late diastole condition), 200 ms (systole condition), or 500 ms after the R wave (diastole condition). Greater HEP amplitudes were observed when the tone was presented during diastole than during systole or late diastole. ERP showed the same tendency: a greater amplitude was observed during diastole than systole or late diastole. These results suggest that the processing of interoception reflected by HEP and exteroception reflected by ERP share attentional resources when both stimuli coincide. When the tone was presented during systole, attention to the internal state decreased compared with when the tone was presented during diastole, and attention was distributed to both exteroception and interoception. Our study suggests that HEP may be considered an indication of a relative amount of resources to process the interoception.

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Functional connectivity changes between frontopolar cortex and nucleus accumbens following cognitive behavioral therapy in major depression: A randomized clinical trial

Katayama N., Nakagawa A., Umeda S., Terasawa Y., Shinagawa K., Kikuchi T., Tabuchi H., Abe T., Mimura M.

Psychiatry Research - Neuroimaging （Psychiatry Research - Neuroimaging） 332 111643 2023年07月

ISSN 09254927

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapy that challenges distorted cognitions; however, the neural mechanisms that underpin CBT remain unclear. Hence, we aimed to assess the treatment-related resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes in the brain regions associated with future thinking and the associations between rsFC changes and clinical improvements. Thirty-eight adult patients with MDD were randomly assigned with equal likelihood to receive 16-week individual CBT or talking control with a 12-month follow-up period. We evaluated the rsFC changes in the frontal regions, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, and limbic structures key to the depression pathophysiology and future thinking with 2 × 2 mixed ANOVA interaction analysis. Pearson's correlation analysis with Bonferroni's correction was also performed to examine the associations with clinical symptoms, such as depression severity and automatic thoughts in follow-up evaluations. Treatment-specific changes include enhancement in frontopolar connectivity with the nucleus accumbens. An increased rsFC was associated with lower negative automatic thoughts postoperatively, together with lower depressive symptoms and higher positive automatic thoughts at follow-up. Conclusively, rsFC changes in the fronto-limbic neural control circuit after CBT, particularly between the frontal pole and nucleus accumbens, may be clinically meaningful functional changes related to the depression recovery process.

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The effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on future thinking in patients with major depressive disorder: A randomized controlled trial

Amano M., Katayama N., Umeda S., Terasawa Y., Tabuchi H., Kikuchi T., Abe T., Mimura M., Nakagawa A.

Frontiers in Psychiatry （Frontiers in Psychiatry） 14 997154 2023年01月

ISSN 1664-0640

Background: Pessimistic thinking about the future is one of the cardinal symptoms of major depression. Few studies have assessed changes in pessimistic thinking after undergoing cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). A randomized clinical trial (RCT) was conducted with patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) to determine whether receiving a course of CBT affects pessimistic future thinking using a future thinking task. Methods: Thirty-one patients with MDD were randomly assigned to either CBT (n = 16) or a talking control (TC) (n = 15) for a 16-week intervention. The main outcomes were the change in response time (RT) and the ratio of the responses for positive valence, measured by the future thinking task. Secondary outcomes included the GRID-Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II), the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), and the word fluency test (WFT). Results: Regarding the main outcomes, the CBT group showed reduced RT for the positive valence (within-group Cohen’s d = 0.7, p = 0.012) and negative valence (within-group Cohen’s d = 0.6, p = 0.03) in the distant future condition. The ratio of positive valence responses in both groups for all temporal conditions except for the distant past condition increased within group (distant future: CBT: Cohen’s d = 0.5, p = 0.04; TC: Cohen’s d = 0.8, p = 0.008; near future: CBT: Cohen’s d = 1.0, p < 0.001; TC: Cohen’s d = 1.1, p = 0.001; near past: CBT: Cohen’s d = 0.8, p = 0.005; TC: Cohen’s d = 1.0, p = 0.002). As for secondary outcomes, the CBT group showed greater improvement than the TC group regarding the need for social approval as measured by the DAS (p = 0.012). Conclusion: Patients with MDD who received CBT showed a reduced RT for the positive and negative valence in the distant future condition. RT in the future thinking task for depressed patients may be a potential objective measure for the CBT treatment process. Because the present RCT is positioned as a pilot RCT, a confirmatory trial with a larger number of patients is warranted to elucidate the CBT treatment process that influences future thinking. Clinical trial registration: https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/icdr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000021028, identifier UMIN000018155.

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心拍誘発電位から見る内受容感覚と認知機能の関係性

田仲祐登, 寺澤悠理, 梅田聡

自律神経（日本自律神経学会） 60 （ 2 ） 92 - 96 2023年

ISSN 02889250

拍動や呼吸の速さ，胃の痛みなど，自律神経系を含む身体内部の状態は内受容感覚を通して知覚されている．近年，内受容感覚を測定する指標として，脳波における心拍誘発電位（Heartbeat-evoked potentials：HEP）が注目されている．HEPは心電図のR波を基準とした誘発電位であり，主観報告の必要のない，心臓からの求心性信号を反映している時間解像度の高い指標として，注意，感情，自己認識といった心的機能や，精神疾患と関係があることが報告されている．本研究ではHEPが有効な指標であることについて，さまざまな認知機能との関係性に焦点を当てながら概観する．

Word recall process and physiological activation in the tip-of-the-tongue state: Comparison of young and middle-aged groups

Kurosaki Y., Hashimoto R., Funayama M., Terasawa Y., Umeda S.

Consciousness and Cognition （Consciousness and Cognition） 106 103433 2022年11月

ISSN 10538100

To clarify the feeling of knowing a name but not being able to recall it, known as having a “tip-of-the-tongue” (TOT) experience, we proposed a TOT model consisting of three stages combining a face recognition model and autonomic sympathetic nerve activity. Since TOT increases with age, we compared two age groups: young (N = 27, M = 20.4 ± 1.5 years) and middle-aged (N = 29, M = 58.5 ± 8.0 years). Experiment 1 showed that successfully naming low-frequency common names increased the skin conductance response (SCR) value, and the time to reach the maximum SCR value was longer. Experiment 2 was a naming task for face photographs. The younger group showed higher SCR values during successfully naming, while the middle-aged group showed similar SCR values for successfully naming and experiencing TOT. Both groups had the longest time to reach maximum SCR in TOT. In this study, physiological arousal of TOT was not affected by aging.

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感情認識と島

寺澤悠理

神経心理学（日本神経心理学会） 38 （ 3 ） 209 - 215 2022年09月

ISSN 09111085

島皮質は内受容感覚を介して感情を感じるために重要な領域と考えられている．島皮質が内受容感覚と感情の統合に果たす役割について報告した研究の多くは，脳機能画像研究法によるもので，神経心理学研究は限られている．本研究では，島皮質に関連する腫瘍を有する患者において，摘出手術前と術後に心拍カウント課題と表情認識課題を実施し，感情認識における島皮質の役割について検討した．その結果，手術前後の心拍カウント課題の成績の変化と怒りや喜びの表情に対する感度の変化に有意な関連が見られた．本研究の結果，島周辺領域の切除によって，内受容感覚を介して怒りや幸福などの感情の認識に影響が生じることが示された．

Passive Way of Measuring QOL/Well-Being Levels Using Smartphone Log

Yao W., Kaminishi K., Yamamoto N., Hamatani T., Yamada Y., Kawada T., Hiyama S., Okimura T., Terasawa Y., Maeda T., Mimura M., Ota J.

Frontiers in Digital Health （Frontiers in Digital Health） 4 780566 2022年03月

Research on mental health states involves paying increasing attention to changes in daily life. Researchers have attempted to understand such daily changes by relying on self-reporting through frequent assessment using devices (smartphones); however, they are mostly focused on a single aspect of mental health. Assessing the mental health of a person from various perspectives may help in the primary prevention of mental illness and the comprehensive measurement of mental health. In this study, we used users' smartphone logs to build a model to estimate whether the scores on three types of questionnaires related to quality of life and well-being would increase compared to the previous week (fluctuation model) and whether they would be higher compared to the average for that user (interval model). Sixteen participants completed three questionnaires once per week, and their smartphone logs were recorded over the same period. Based on the results, estimation models were built, and the F-score ranged from 0.739 to 0.818. We also analyzed the features that the estimation model emphasized. Information related to “physical activity,” such as acceleration and tilt of the smartphone, and “environment,” such as atmospheric pressure and illumination, were given more weight in the estimation than information related to “cyber activity,” such as usage of smartphone applications. In particular, in the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), 9 out of 10 top features in the fluctuation model and 7 out of 10 top features in the interval model were related to activities in the physical world, suggesting that short-term mood may be particularly heavily influenced by subjective activities in the human physical world.

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立位バランストレーニングにおける視覚フィードバックがストレスに対する身体反応に及ぼす影響

出分康太郎, 上西康平, 山本直樹, 濱谷尚志, 荒川大輝, 檜山聡, 沖村宰, 寺澤悠理, 前田貴記, 太田順

精密工学会学術講演会講演論文集（公益社団法人精密工学会） 2022S （ 0 ） 574 - 575 2022年03月

立位時の姿勢情報をフィードバックするトレーニングは，身体所有感の獲得を補助しメンタルヘルスを向上させる可能性がある．本研究では，モニタで提示された目標位置に足圧中心を移動・保持するトレーニングを行った．トレーニングが立位バランスに与える影響を調べるのに加え，ストレス負荷がかかる課題に対する身体的な反応が，トレーニングの有無によってどのように変化するかを比較した．

Cognitive behavioral therapy effects on frontopolar cortex function during future thinking in major depressive disorder: A randomized clinical trial

Katayama N., Nakagawa A., Umeda S., Terasawa Y., Abe T., Kurata C., Sasaki Y., Mitsuda D., Kikuchi T., Tabuchi H., Mimura M.

Journal of Affective Disorders （Journal of Affective Disorders） 298 （ Pt A ） 644 - 655 2022年02月

ISSN 01650327

Background: Despite the importance of Beck's theoretical cognitive model of psychopathology, the neural mechanisms underlying future thinking in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) remain elusive. Recent neuroimaging studies have shown that the function of the frontopolar cortex (Brodmann area 10 [BA10]) is associated with future thinking. We hypothesized that, compared with unstructured psychotherapy (talking control: TC), CBT may involve different neural responses in BA10 associated with future thinking. Methods: This randomized clinical trial included 38 adult patients with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder who underwent up to 16 weeks of CBT or TC with a 6-month follow-up period. We evaluated changes in BA10 activation during distant future thinking using functional magnetic resonance imaging with a future-thinking task. We assessed frontal neurocognitive function and clinical symptoms at baseline and post-treatment. Depression severity and automatic thoughts were assessed at the 6-month follow-up. Results: We found decreased activation in the frontopolar cortex during distant future thinking after CBT (t = 3.00, df=15, p = 0.009) and no changes after TC. Further, the reduction in BA10 activity significantly correlated with changes in frontal cognitive function after the treatment (r = 0.48, p = 0.007), and in positive automatic thought after 6 months of treatments (r = 0.39; p = 0.03). Limitations: Relatively small sample size and homogenous clinical profile could limit the generalizability. Patients received pharmacotherapy including antidepressant. Conclusions: CBT appears to improve frontopolar cortex function during future thinking in a manner distinct from TC. Larger clinical trials are necessary to provide firm evidence whether BA10 activity may serve as a neuro-marker for monitoring successful depression treatment with CBT.

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「脳」と「身体」と「行動変容」

関口敦, 菅原彩子, 勝沼るり, 寺澤悠理

心身医学（一般社団法人日本心身医学会） 62 （ 3 ） 225 - 229 2022年

ISSN 03850307

近年，心身相関の認知科学的な背景の1つとして「内受容感覚」が注目されてきた．内受容感覚とは，呼吸・心拍・腸管の動きなど身体内部の生理的な状態に対する感覚を指し，ホメオスタシスの維持に必要な機能と考えられている．内受容感覚の障害はさまざまなストレス関連疾患で認められており，「脳」と「身体」をつなぐメカニズムでもある．Damasioらの研究により，リスク行動を選択する際には危険を認知する前に交感神経反応が亢進していることが確認されていることから，「身体」と「行動」の関連も説明可能で，内受容感覚は行動を規定する因子とも考えられる．本稿では，「脳」と「身体」と「行動」の相互連関の因果関係を示した研究として，われわれが行った内受容感覚訓練実験を紹介する．内受容感覚を強化する認知訓練により，不安および身体症状の軽減，行動の変化を観測し，将来的なストレス関連疾患治療への応用が期待された．

身体症状症と内受容感覚

寺澤悠理

精神科 40 2022年

CiNii Research

未来思考生成における感情的方向性

伊藤友一, 田仲祐登, 辻幸樹, 品川和志, 柴田みどり, 寺澤悠理, 梅田聡

日本認知心理学会発表論文集（日本認知心理学会） 2021 （ 0 ） 47 - 47 2022年

人の思考には時間(過去・未来)，感情(ポジティブ・ネガティブ），社会的(自己・他者)などの多様な方向性がある。先行研究は心拍誘発電位(HEP; heartbeat-evoked potential)を用いて，過去あるいは未来思考時の感情的方向が身体からの求心性信号を受けて規定されることを明らかにしている。しかし，感情的方向が思考生成のどの段階で決まるのかは明らかでない。本研究では，自己や他者の未来について思考する際の感情的方向性の生起時点を明らかにするため，脳波計測実験を行った。課題では，主語・時間・内容の3要素からなる文(例：私は／将来／試験に)を1要素ずつ呈示し，それに合わせて思考した上で，肯定あるいは否定的結末(例：自分が将来試験に受かるか否か)を自由に想像するよう参加者に求めた。結果，主語情報呈示時点のHEPで感情価による振幅の差が認められ，思考生成の最初期時点で身体からの求心性信号を受けて思考の感情的方向が規定されていることが明らかになった。

Temporal changes in attentional resources consumed by mind-wandering that precede awareness: An ERP study

Shinagawa K., Ito Y., Tsuji K., Tanaka Y., Odaka M., Shibata M., Terasawa Y., Umeda S.

Neuroimage: Reports （Neuroimage: Reports） 1 （ 4 ） 100060 2021年12月

査読有り

A relationship between the awareness of mind-wandering (MW) and the disruption of MW because of external stimuli has previously been reported. Attention often fluctuates without external stimuli and such disruptions can spontaneously precede awareness of MW. To elucidate whether changes in attentional resources used by MW exist, we used event-related potentials (ERPs), focusing on the P300 (P3) ERP component as an index of attention to a task. Participants performed a simple task, in which they pressed a key in synchrony with continually presented tones. Moreover, they were asked to stop the response whenever they became aware of their MW. We analyzed the P3 induced by the tones before self-reports of MW using a state–space model that was used for analysis to detect changes over time. The results revealed that the mean amplitude of P3 increased significantly from the third to the second tone before the self-reports; no other clear increasing or decreasing tendencies were observed. We concluded that the attentional resources allocated to the main task returned, suggesting that such awareness requires a decrease in resources to task-unrelated thoughts. These findings highlight a transitional state related to awareness between the MW state and self-reports. Therefore, the state immediately before self-reports should not be defined as merely an MW state when using the self-caught method.

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Decreased activity in the reward network of chronic insomnia patients

Motomura Y., Katsunuma R., Ayabe N., Oba K., Terasawa Y., Kitamura S., Moriguchi Y., Hida A., Kamei Y., Mishima K.

Scientific Reports （Scientific Reports） 11 （ 1 ） 3600 2021年12月

共著, 査読有り

© 2021, The Author(s). In modern society, many people have insomnia. Chronic insomnia has been noted as a risk factor for depression. However, there are few functional imaging studies of the brain on affective functions in chronic insomnia. This study aimed to investigate brain activities induced by emotional stimuli in chronic insomnia patients. Fifteen patients with primary insomnia and 30 age and gender matched healthy controls participated in this study. Both groups were presented images of fearful, happy, and neutral expressions consciously and non-consciously while undergoing MRI to compare the activity in regions of the brain responsible for emotions. Conscious presentation of the Happy-Neutral contrast showed significantly lower activation in the right orbitofrontal cortex of patients compared to healthy controls. The Happy-Neutral contrast presented in a non-conscious manner resulted in significantly lower activation of the ventral striatum, right insula, putamen, orbitofrontal cortex and ventral tegmental area in patients compared to healthy controls. Our findings revealed that responsiveness to positive emotional stimuli were decreased in insomniac patients. Specifically, brain networks associated with rewards and processing positive emotions showed decreased responsiveness to happy emotions especially for non-conscious image. The magnitude of activity in these areas also correlated with severity of insomnia, even after controlling for depression scale scores. These findings suggest that insomnia induces an affective functional disorder through an underlying mechanism of decreased sensitivity in the regions of the brain responsible for emotions and rewards to positive emotional stimuli.

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総説安静時fMRIにおける動的機能結合の臨床応用

品川和志, 寺澤悠理, 梅田聡

BRAIN and NERVE （株式会社医学書院） 73 （ 11 ） 1267 - 1273 2021年11月

ISSN 18816096

The conventional analysis assumes a constant mental state during scanning and assesses the strength of functional connectivity as the average of the entire fMRI data. However, it is suggested that even at rest, functional connectivity may change with time, and the conventional analysis has not been able to fully evaluate its properties. To overcome this limitation, many studies propose an index called dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) or time-varying functional connectivity (TVFC) or the chronnectome. This article reviews the significance and methods of dFC, examples of its application in clinical studies, and its limitations. Finally, we discuss its potential for clinical application.

増大特集脳とからだ Ⅲ.中枢と末梢の相互作用内受容感覚と感情認識-基礎的概念から臨床研究への展開

寺澤悠理

生体の科学（株式会社医学書院） 72 （ 5 ） 457 - 460 2021年10月

ISSN 03709531

増大特集脳とからだ Ⅲ.中枢と末梢の相互作用覚醒下手術による感情認識に関わる島皮質機能の解明-脳とこころの脳神経外科学・認知神経科学の融合型研究

本村和也, 寺澤悠理, 梅田聡

生体の科学（株式会社医学書院） 72 （ 5 ） 461 - 463 2021年10月

ISSN 03709531

Products With High Purchase Frequency Require Greater Inhibitory Control: An Event-Related Potential Study

Tsuji K., Shibata M., Terasawa Y., Umeda S.

Frontiers in Psychology （Frontiers in Psychology） 12 727040 2021年09月

査読有り, ISSN 1664-1078

One’s past behavior influences their present behavior. The effects of such response history have often been tested using response inhibition tasks. Since previous studies have highlighted the effect of immediate action history formed directly before the subsequent response in a laboratory environment, we aimed to elucidate the longer-term effects of response history, using repetitive and habitual consumer behavior in daily life as the response history. We used event-related potentials recorded in a Go/No-go task to investigate brain activity related to inhibitory control, hypothesizing that stimuli with a high frequency of choice in everyday life would elicit stronger inhibition-related activity, that is, the No-go-N2 component. Participants were asked to evaluate the frequency of purchase and use of some products, such as food and drink or social networking services (SNS) in everyday situations. Images of each product were assigned as stimuli in the Go and No-go trials according to the frequency of choice. The results showed that frequently purchased No-go stimuli yielded a larger amplitude of the No-go-N2 component and a negative shift between 200 and 300ms after the presentation of No-go stimuli. The results suggest that frequently chosen products evoke stronger inhibition conflicts and require greater cognitive control to withhold a response. Our findings showed that repeated purchase behavior in daily life forms a response history and has a long-term influence on the inhibition of even simple approaching behaviors, such as button pressing.

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The effect of haptic stimulation simulating heartbeats on the regulation of physiological responses and prosocial behavior under stress: The influence of interoceptive accuracy

Xu M., Tachibana T., Suzuki N., Hoshino E., Terasawa Y., Miki N., Minagawa Y.

Biological Psychology （Biological Psychology） 164 108172 2021年09月

査読有り, ISSN 03010511

Research has discovered the modulatory effect of peripheral stimulation simulating altered bodily signals on emotion. Whether such an effect varies depending on one's interoceptive accuracy (IAc) remains unclear. Therefore, we provided haptic stimulation simulating participants’ slowed-down heartbeats or no stimulation while they engaged in socially stressful tasks to examine whether participants reacted differently depending on their IAc. Results showed that haptic stimulation exhibited the opposite effect on participants with different levels of IAc for both heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV). When receiving the stimulation, participants with higher IAc showed less increased heart rate and more elevated HF than participants with lower IAc. In contrast, in the absence of stimulation, an opposite pattern of response depending on participants’ IAc was observed. The modulatory effect of stimuli and IAc on prosocial behavior was not significant. Individual differences in IAc were shown to affect how one perceives/responds to altered bodily signals.

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Effects of interoceptive accuracy in autonomic responses to external stimuli based on cardiac rhythm

Tanaka Y., Terasawa Y., Umeda S.

PLoS ONE （PLoS ONE） 16 （ 8 August ） e0256914 2021年08月

査読有り

Interoceptive accuracy is an index of the ability to perceive an individual's internal bodily state, including heartbeat and respiration. Individual differences in interoceptive accuracy influence emotional recognition through autonomic nervous activity. However, the precise mechanism by which interoceptive accuracy affects autonomic reactivity remains unclear. Here, we investigated how cardiac reactivity induced by a non-affective external rhythm differed among individuals, using a heartbeat counting task. Because individuals with poor interoceptive accuracy cannot distinguish an external rhythm from their cardiac cycles, it has been hypothesized that the interoceptive effect on heart rate works differently in individuals with good interoceptive accuracy and those with poor interoceptive accuracy. Study participants observed a visual or auditory stimulus presented at a rhythm similar to the participants' resting heart rates. The stimulus rhythm was gradually changed from that of their resting heart rate, and we recorded electrocardiographs while participants were exposed to the stimuli. Individuals with good interoceptive accuracy exhibited a deceleration in heart rate when the rhythm of the auditory stimulus changed. In contrast, in the group with poor interoceptive accuracy, the heart rate decreased only when the stimulus became faster. They were unable to distinguish the rhythm of their own heartbeat from that of the external rhythm; therefore, we propose that such individuals recognize the stimuli at the pace of their heart rate. Individuals with good interoceptive accuracy were able to distinguish their heart rates from the external rhythm. A modality difference was not observed in this study, which suggests that both visual and auditory stimuli help mimic heart rate. These results may provide physiological evidence that autonomic reactivity influences the perception of the internal bodily state, and that interoception and the autonomic state interact to some degree.

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